What are the two primary types of steering systems in modern vehicles?

The primary types of steering systems in modern vehicles are rack and pinion and recirculating ball. The rack and pinion steering system is widely used in modern vehicles due to its efficiency, compact design, and direct steering feel. It converts the rotational motion of the steering wheel into the lateral motion of the wheels. On the other hand, the recirculating ball steering system, which was more common in older vehicles and some trucks, uses a mechanism of balls circulating between a worm gear and the housing to provide steering motion.

Each system has its unique applications and benefits depending on the design and intended use of the vehicle. Recognizing these two types of steering mechanisms highlights the evolution of automotive design and the importance of choosing the right system for stability, responsiveness, and ease of handling in vehicles.