Which component in the braking system converts hydraulic force into braking force?

The brake caliper is the component in the braking system that converts hydraulic force into braking force. When the driver presses the brake pedal, hydraulic fluid is pushed through the brake lines into the caliper. This hydraulic pressure causes the caliper's pistons to move, which then applies force to the brake pads. The brake pads clamp down on the rotor (or brake disc), creating the necessary friction to slow down or stop the vehicle.

The brake booster, while important for amplifying the force applied by the driver to the brake pedal, does not directly convert hydraulic force into braking force. The brake line serves as a conduit for the hydraulic fluid but does not perform any force conversion itself. The brake drum operates in drum brake systems but is not responsible for converting hydraulic force; instead, it works by expanding the brake shoes against the drum to create friction.