Which two materials are most commonly used in piston manufacturing?

The correct choice of materials for piston manufacturing is primarily Cast Iron and Aluminum.

Cast iron has traditionally been used for pistons due to its good wear resistance and ability to withstand high temperatures. Its density and thermal properties make it suitable for various engine designs, especially in older or heavy-duty applications. However, it is heavier and less efficient compared to some modern materials.

Aluminum, on the other hand, has become the preferred choice in many contemporary engines. Its lightweight nature allows for better fuel efficiency and enhanced engine performance. Aluminum also has excellent thermal conductivity, which helps in dissipating heat quickly during combustion. Furthermore, modern aluminum alloys are engineered to provide adequate strength and wear resistance, making them suitable for high-performance applications.

While other materials like steel or copper can be found in certain applications and components, cast iron and aluminum are the predominant materials because of their balanced properties of strength, weight, and thermal management, which are critical for piston performance in engines.